Mobile applications can be molded according to technologies in demand. Know more about trending mobile app frameworks to adopt the latest mobile app development trends here!

Business owners can never predict results. It is always necessary to know the pre-emptive adjustments to ensure before it’s too late to future proof your business. A business is always centered on the needs of its customers. App development has to simultaneously move around the expectations of the customers. Monetization of a mobile app requires a deep study of frameworks and trends. Let’s dig deeper.

Mobile App Development Trends

Here are the major mobile development trends:

• Introduction of 5G
• App privacy and transparency
• Use of Artificial Intelligence in various domains
• Applications from international companies will continue to rise – e.g.: FaceApp, Alibaba and TikTok
• Prevalence of Progressive Web Apps will enable people to install fewer apps
• Mobile apps will be built to support multiple devices at once.
• Legacy businesses will be back on track with all the fine-tuning and upgrading of their technology stack coupled with the right amount of smoke testing and post-deployment maintenance support.
• Internet of Things in Apps
• Blockchain in Mobile Apps
• Bots/Chatbots
• Artificial Intelligence (AI), Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR)
• Personalized Mobile Apps
• Voice-Based Searches
• Mobile App Security
• Cloud-Based Mobile Apps
• Wearable Devices
• Beacon Technology
• Enterprise Mobile App Management
• Mobile Wallets Payments
• Predictive Analytics
• APM and EMM
• 5G Wireless Services

Knowing the Differences between Native vs. Hybrid Frameworks

The gradual shift from desktop to mobile applications wasn’t incidental, and it has only helped businesses to reach a wider audience. For this sake, a platform of the application, framework, frontend, backend, server, database, and third-party API’s to be used.

The popularity of mobile applications enables users to leverage the related benefits in respective business domains. Mobile apps make it much easier for businesses to track users’ needs acting as direct communication turned into a conversion channel.

The reduced cost, reusable code, faster time-to-market, and native app-like performance are some of the preliminary reasons behind the acceptance of cross-platform app development.

Native Mobile App Development Framework

Native mobile applications are singularly developed for their inherent Android or iOS platforms. A Native Android App is primarily written in Java/Kotlin. A native iOS app is primarily written in Objective-C/Swift. The Android Apps are compiled using Android Studio, while iOS apps are compiled via Xcode Native Apps. Native applications are high in performance but are simultaneously very expensive. The code written for one platform cannot be used for another platform. An app written on Objective-C cannot be executed on the Android Platform.

Hybrid Mobile App Development Framework

Hybrid = Native + Web Framework. Hybrid Apps are created for more than one platform, which requires the best cross-platform framework. These applications are built using web technologies that include HTML, CSS, JavaScript, etc. These are quicker and easier to build and are as well cost-efficient. Five foremost hybrid mobile app development frameworks:

Ionic

Ionic is an open-source framework for mobile application development based on Angular and Apache Cordova. It enables developers to build cross-platform applications for three platforms, i.e. iOS, Windows, and Android.

The framework is ideal for creating interactive, high-performing, progressive web and mobile applications. Notably, Ionic has been one of the most popular frameworks for cross-platform app development due to its extensive features and predefined elements.

Ionic Features

• Ionic offers tools and services for using technologies like HTML and SaaS.
• It is open-source and licensed by MIT.
• It is free to use and serves a wide customer base globally.
• It contains native-styled layouts
• Has 120+ device features (as of 2023)
• Apps can be created by live reload
• User-friendly and customizable
• It relies on PhoneGap and Cordova wrappers to operate as a native application.
• Year– 2013, Language Stack – Typescript, Developer – Drifty, Architecture – Angular MVC

React Native

React Native is an app development framework released by Facebook in 2018 and is also considered one of the most popular languages among developers. It is a Javascript-based framework and has more than 2 million monthly users. Note that React Native is capable of harnessing the native features in the best possible way, easily adapts UI according to the given platform’s needs, and is a cost-effective, time-saving, and effortless language.

Some popular examples of famous applications built-in RN are Facebook, Instagram, Bloomberg, Airbnb, UberEATS, 2048, Wix, Tesla, Skype, Walmart, and LinkedIn.

React Native Features

• React Native makes use of a single codebase.
• It relieves the developers of small platform or device-related challenges, adding or importing packages and libraries to suit the requirements of the application.
• The use of JS makes rendering easy across server and client browsers.
• It is as well not laden with the side effects of a hybrid HTML5 app.
• It interactively crafts the UI due to the presence of enormous libraries, tools, and many ready-hand solutions.
• React Native brings React’s declarative UI framework to iOS and Android.
• Writing the entire application all over again seems to be the only option in case of additional bandwidth requirements.
• Frameworks like React Native are always helpful in extending the functionality that a web page could offer, like the integration of a camera, GPS, Flash Light, Bluetooth, Rotation, Auto-Correction, etc.
• React Native code can have declarative views that make the code more predictable and easier to debug. It can be used to build encapsulated components that manage their state and then compare them to make complex UIs.
• Besides, any changes done to the program at compile or run time can be seen locally in seconds. Changes to JavaScript code can be live reloaded without rebuilding the native apps. Additionally, the same code can be used across platforms.
• Year– 2015, Language Stack – Javascript / Typescript, Developer – Facebook, Architecture – Flux

Flutter

Flutter is Google’s mobile UI framework that is used for creating high-quality native-like applications for cross-platform development for different devices & operating systems using single code. It is a free and open-source framework, comparable with React and Kotlin in performance. Note that it can deliver fast, expressive, flexible applications and features Hot/Live Reloading.

Some famous companies using Flutter include Google Ads, Alibaba, Cryptograph, Birch Finance, Watermaniac, Hookle, Coach Yourself and Reflect.

Flutter Features

• Flutter is a framework for cross-platform app development that makes use of DART (Google’s in-house programming language), which enables Flutter to make use of the Skia graphics library used by Chrome.
• It is not directly comparable to Kotlin. It makes code reuse easy.
• Flutter apps can work equally well on Android, iOS and Google’s Fuchsia.
• Create Frontend and Backend With Single Programming Language
• It has widgets to create powerful UI
• Wraps Web View And Native Platform
• It hosts applications with portable runtimes
• It supports various IDEs
• Flutter can integrate with Firebase and Code Magic
• It provides its widgets in a combination
• Flutter features a variety of themes
• It has extensive community support
• It comes for desktop, mobile and web platforms
• It has 2D animations that can be performed easily
• It is lightning fast
• Hot reload feature- enabling coders to see the changes in the app right away.
• Smooth UI designs with unorthodox design elements
• The absolute choice for MVP
• Dynamic code writing
• Compatible with Fuchsia
• Year– 2017, Developer – Google, Language Stack – Dart, Architecture – Flutter- Flux

Cordova (PhoneGap)

Cordova (PhoneGap) is a cross-platform development framework that requires little to no knowledge of native platforms and allows developers to create mobile applications using their existing knowledge of HTML, CSS, and Javascript. Cordova (PhoneGap) is easy to learn & communicates with the native side by making use of plugins which gives the effortless feature of including only the features which are required for your application.

Some popular applications using Phone Gap are FanReact, TripCase, My Heart Camera, Untappd, Hockey Community, Bit Timer and METAR Reader.

Cordova (PhoneGap) Features

• Cordova (PhoneGap) provides APIs to communicate to native platforms APIs, which does its magic when you need to communicate to the native side of platforms.
• Cordova (PhoneGap) is compatible with a single codebase for iOS, Android and Windows 7 platforms.
• It has a rugged backend system
• It supports HTML5, JavaScript and CSS3, which makes it extremely flexible.
• It taps into the system’s hardware components like a Camera, accelerometer, navigation compass, etc., without hampering the design (UI) features.
• It is easily compatible with a plugin architecture
• The rapid testing can be performed with ease
• Year– 2009, Language Stack – C# / Objective-C, Developer – Adobe

Xamarin

Xamarin is an open-source framework by Microsoft that allows the development of hybrid apps for iOS, Android and Windows & different devices. The framework leverages .Net and C# and features its own fully developed ecosystem with Xamarin Studio, Xamarin SDKs, Xamarin Test Cloud, and Xamarin Insights.

Some popular applications are StoryO, The World Bank, Fareboom, Olo, Just Giving, Skulls and Shogun, Insightly CRM and CA Mobile, etc.

Xamarin Features

• Xamarin has the means to include libraries for Java, C++, and Objective-C directly.
• Xamarin’s assemblage of libraries is huge.
• It reduces explicit costs and gives minimum budget hassles.
• Xamarin is as fast and performant in building a mobile app as its native counterparts. (With the help of native UI controls)
• Xamarin apps connect seamlessly with hardware components via plugins without hampering the device’s performance.
• It features easy API integration.
• Fast GUI prototyping
• Excellent code sharing and maintenance
• Year – 2011, Language Stack – C#, Developer – Microsoft, Architecture – Mono / ART

Corona

Corona is an open-source, cross-platform framework that is ideal for rapidly creating apps and games for mobile devices, desktops, tablets & smart TV. The framework is powered by Lua, a lightweight, adaptable, and easy-to-use scripting language. The language is widely used for creating cross-platform mobile games for various operating systems.

Some popular games developed using Corona are Designer City, Zip Zap, Gunman Taco Truck, and I Love Hue.

Corona Features

• It offers speed, ease of usage and flexibility to develop apps.
• Year – 2009, Language Stack – Lua, Developer – Corona Labs Inc

JQuery Mobile

JQuery Mobile is an HTML5-based user interface framework built on top of the jQuery Core JavaScript framework. It is designed to make responsive websites or applications for mobile, tablet, and desktop devices. Notably, the framework is lightweight and offers a variety of UI components, allowing developers to build efficient, high-quality apps.

Some top companies using JQuery Mobile are The North Face, Enterprise Fleet Management, Uber, Twitter, Udemy, and Slack.

JQuery Mobile Features

• JQuery builds on jQuery and jQueryUI to provide API features for mobile web applications by keeping the single code version.
• Year – 2006, Language Stack – Javascript, Developer –  jQuery Team

Intel XDK

Intel XDK is a comprehensive cross-platform development environment (IDE) for cost-effectively testing, debugging, building, and creating native apps for mobile phones and tablets using web technologies like HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript using a single code base.

Some popular platforms using Intel XDK are Intel and Upwork.

Intel XDK Features

• Intel XDK is an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) developed by Intel.
• It’s a comprehensive cross-platform development environment for cost-effectively testing, debugging, building, creating native apps for mobile phones and tablets using web technologies like HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript.
• Year – 2013, Language Stack – Javascript, Developer – Intel

Mobile Angular UI

Mobile Angular is a free, open-source mobile UI framework that provides numerous UI components like switches, overlays, scrollable areas, and navbars to build a seamless, intuitive and attractive user interface for mobile applications.

Some popular Mobile Angular UI users are Tanisha Systems Inc. and Mongo DB Inc.

Mobile Angular UI Features

• Mobile Angular is a free open-source mobile UI framework
• It provides numerous UI components like switches, overlays, scrollable areas, navbars to build a seamless intuitive and attractive user interface for mobile applications.
• Year – 2013, Language Stack – Angular / Bootstrap, Developer – Maurizio Casimirri

Appcelerator Titanium

Appcelerator Titanium is based on open-source Titanium, a JavaScript-based SDK with over 5000 APIs for Android, iOS, Windows, and HTML5 that allows you to reuse up to 90% of code if you are targeting multiple platforms. It is a powerful framework chosen by app development agencies creating cross-platform mobile apps for iOS and Android using a single code base.

Appcelerator Titanium Features

• It is a powerful framework for chosen by app development agencies creating cross-platform mobile apps for iOS and Android using a single code base.
• It’s based open-source Titanium, a JavaScript-based SDK with over 5000 APIs for Android, iOS, Windows, and HTML5
• It allows you to reuse up to 90% of code if you are targeting multiple platforms.
• Year – 2017, Language Stack – Javascript/XML, Developer – Appcelerator, Inc.

Other Popular Hybrid App Frameworks

• Framework 7
• Sencha Touch
• Nativescript
• Firebase
• Sencha
• Mobile Angular UI
• Sencha Ext JS

In Conclusion

Every framework for mobile app frameworks must be chosen by considering the target audience of the mobile app, the demand in the market, the available skillset, the available budget, the available timeline to implement, the features to be included in the app and the platform throughout the app development process. Besides, a business must estimate the requirements that it needs to achieve through the app and give proper thought to the factors that can impact your app, the size of the business, the developers’ expertise and the required solutions. Small entrepreneurs may use ionic, and mid-size or larger firms may use Sencha or React Native. Ionic and React Native have been performing well in current years. One requirement that remains constant is an excellent team of developers for design and maintenance.

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Stop the loop, but note the else! Know which web development frameworks will score up well!

Web development frameworks have progressed greatly since the earliest days of the internet. Today, there are dozens of web development frameworks to choose from, all of which have their own advantages and disadvantages.

In this post, we’ll take a look at some of the top web development frameworks to consider in 2023.

Why does the need to use the framework arise?

It is likely that the application requires a framework for reasons as discussed:

• If it is based upon CRUD operations (Create, read, update, delete)
• If UI and underlying logic have to be separated but there is less time to implement the proper system
• There is a self-made library for each programming language that covers authentication, sessions and other usual operations required to create the web application.
• In case CMS is required in very less time

A framework is not required if:

• Only some specific part of the framework like its ORM is required
• Programmers are stuck on some typical problem

A framework is designed to fulfill some specific purpose. Coding turns out to be frustrating when similar things need to be written from scratch where this time could have been consumed in implementing new features or to tighten the code base.

So what considerations are applied by companies in order to select the best web development frameworks?

The framework provides a basic structure (which requires very little coding as basic things are already written and just need implementation. Technical features, community support, quantity of code that this framework will require, lightweight-ness, server rendering, offline support, maturity, broad community support, stability and ability to hire, developer tools and unit testing support, licensed or open-source, software platform, hosting requirements, ease of installation, learning curve,  core library, Inclusive JS library, DB abstraction and ORM,  unit testing, scaling, documentation, the community, bug fixes, updates, ease of creating an extension and availability – all these features and some more depend upon suiting to the application’s requirements and ease of fixing bugs.

This excerpt is to take you through the trending and upcoming web development frameworks in 2023 and beyond (in no particular order). Organizations deploy each one of these applications based on their requirements:

Backend Frameworks

Laravel

It’s been widely used to support fast and effective customized web development services. It is based upon object-oriented libraries, an effective authentication process, MVC support with Laravel, the bcrypt algorithm for security and ease of database migration. It includes tools like Artisan that help perform tedious programming tasks. It supports MVC architecture like Symphony that ensures clarity in logic and presentation.

Express

An increasing number of companies (Accenture, Dentisphere, Exove, Fox sports, IBM, ICICLE Technologies, Mulesoft, Myntra, node B, Quizup, ripjar, Rising stack, Sparkpost, Uber, Yandex, Agrippa Solutions, Taskade, Hasura, Teachoo, CirclHD, Kuali, Ilovecoding are few of them) have been making use of Express.js, an open source framework for web development.

Ruby on Rails

It is based upon MVC pattern and has everything required to create database-backed applications. It is good for creating regular business applications, custom database solutions, e-commerce websites, content management systems or simply a quick prototype – RoR is currently being used by applications like Shopify, AirBnB, Basecamp, etc. It is popularly called a Web 2.0 poster child. Developers can now create a blog in 15 minutes after having spent numerous painful years in writing spaghetti code in PHP. But unless they choose to scale it to multiple servers it is certainly not preferred to handle large applications like Machine learning or blockchain.

Django

Written in Python it provides core solution in the Internet of Things, Blue chip companies, IT giants (NASA, Google and more) and FinTech companies in Silicon Valley. It is based on MVC programming paradigm and accelerates custom web application development. Besides this, Django is Compatible with major operating systems and databases. It provides robust security features and is supported by a large and active community.

Spring Boot Java Framework

With large companies like Netflix switching over to spring Boot framework, it is one of the oldest Java Web Frameworks, it is accompanied by excellent community support, vast documentation, and expansive toolkit.

Frontend Frameworks

Angular

Based on Typescript, Angular is front-end web development framework that is widely used to build highly efficient and robust single-page applications. It makes use of component-based architecture, improved dependency injection, logging service, and inter-component communication. Besides this, it follows model-view-view model one-way property binding, event-binding, and interpolation. It has support from Google and progressive web applications.

React

It is highly efficient, declarative open source JavaScript library that is used to build interactive UI’s. It is a library and not a framework. It mainly handles ‘View’ part of MVC. It is flexible, highly efficient, backward compatible (easy migrations and transitions), has easy to maintain component structure, and has rich community support and unidirectional data flow.

Vue

Based on Angular and React, it is a progressive open-source JavaScript framework that is compact, is built on MVC model, is flexible and has an easy learning curve. It is easy to add transitions to elements with Vue.js. It gets integrated easily with server-side frameworks like Laravel, Symfony and Django, etc.

Ember

It is open-source front-end JS framework based on MVVM pattern. It is based on Convention over Configuration (CoC), Ember CLI command line add-on and templates to create exceptional UI. These are updated frequently in accordance with underlying data.

js

It is a JS library with RESTful JSON interface and is based on Model view presenter application design paradigm. It is small, lightweight, flexible framework for frontend app development. It allows structuring JS code in an MVC (Model+View+Controller) fashion. The code is broken into meaningful .js files and later combined using JAMMIT. There are no jQuery.data. There is no need to store data in DOM. Data is stored in models. Event Binding is there. Underscore utility library is there. It is well-documented with numerous .js code techniques.

Besides these, some other frameworks that have a promising future are:

Symfony

It is a popular backend web application framework in PHP and is reliable, flexible, testable, and supports long term applications. It is suitable for large, enterprise applications and is built to replace coding iterations. Available as freeware it is optimizable and scalable.

Yii2

Yii2 is secure and efficient, MVC based backend web application development framework that is easy to implement. It has short development time, has swift error handling, is highly extensible and very easy to install. It is based on modern technologies, is scalable, has provision for testing and has swift error handling.

Narrowing the Orbit: Best Web Development Frameworks

Considering the deadline required to submit the project, the time and budget constraints, the above list of the front-end and back-end frameworks doesn’t often present itself in major corporate projects undertaken by best web development companies. There was a lot more on the line of discussion but the reasons mentioned above are apt for making a decision in the process.

The post 10 Trending Web Development Frameworks that’ll Force You to Be Back to Basics appeared first on Top ITFirms - Result of In-depth Research & Analysis.

While the decision to select one JS framework amongst Angular vs Vue can be stupefying, we’ve elucidated relevant excerpts to make it look easier. We hope it helps!

Please see: We’ve coupled React, as and when required, to make the Vue vs. Angular comparison more vivid and contextual. The underlying examples are based on practical implementation, and can therefore be used as the basis to create hybrid applications.

Citation: React was developed and maintained by Facebook. Angular was developed by Google, while Vue was developed by Evan You and an ex-Google employee.

Worth Mentioning: Single Page applications are built upon a single page but the entire page is broken down into several components, where every component performs a specific task – Login, display icons and images, and so on. All the components are assembled to prepare a single-page application. Here we’ll learn about their features, use cases, performance, where they are used, data binding, scripting languages they use and their testing mechanisms.

Why is Angular relevant in 2022?

Angular brings with its components, templates, directives, dependency injection, and loads of security best practices including accessibility, keeping up-to-date, property binding, lazy loading, lightweight injection tokens for libraries; Angular tokens like Dev Workflows, CLI builders, language services, DevTools, and Schematics. Angular is scalable according to project requirements. It offers a standard structure for developers, making it even easier to develop large applications.

Why is Vue relevant in 2022?

Vue is preferable by start-ups as it serves smaller projects. Angular is preferable for projects of longer duration and enterprises. Vue is speedy and easy to learn.

How are Angular and Vue similar?

Angular, Vue and React are interchangeable, yet distinct Server-Side technologies used to build distributed applications, partly on the client-side, and partly on the server-side. These are applicable for single-page applications (SPA). These are based on JavaScript, so they are lightweight and are not dependent on third-party runtime tools. Both Vue and angular are – Open-source, have a large developer community, and are based on JavaScript.

Comparison: Angular vs. Vue

Libraries/Classes/Functions: Angular is an open-source JavaScript framework. Vue is also an open-source JavaScript Framework. (While React is an open-source, front-end JavaScript library. Although the terms library and frameworks are used interchangeably, these are significantly different. Users are free to call libraries, functions, and classes. Frameworks have limited choices, and have a blueprint of their own. So users do not have much control. JavaScript is an interpreted language where code is executed line by line, all these tools are very efficient. Converting a code into an intermediate code would require a runtime environment, which encounters a delay. These are avoided and as a result, these tools are fast.

Usage: React is used to develop mobile and web applications. Angular is primarily used to develop single-page applications and hybrid applications as it is purely based on HTML, CSS, jQuery, and JavaScript. Vue is used to develop user interfaces and single-page applications.

• What does it represent: React represents the view part of the MVC framework. Angular is a full-fledged MVC framework. Vue is focused on the view and model layer of the MVC framework.
• What is MVC: MVC is an architectural pattern that separates the application layer into Model, View, and Controller. The model relates to all data-related logic. Vue is used for the UI logic of the application. The controller is the interface between the Model and the View. The controller drives the functionality of the tool. Any changes can be easily factored and isolated and as a result testing becomes a whole lot easier.
• How does it work? The moment you build an HTML view and render it into the browser, this view to the browser is an HTML tag. Internally the code is converted into a balanced tree structure. This B-tree algorithm is extremely fast. So if the user makes any changes to the UI, the changes are reflected immediately. This is facilitated by the B-Tree algorithm, which improves the performance.

Performance (React / Angular / Vue)

What is DOM: React uses virtual DOM to fill in data in the HTML DOM. When a web page is loaded, the browser creates a Document Object Model of the page. DOM is an API that defines how a document is accessed and manipulated. The DOM represents a document with a logical tree. This DOM parser converts the HTML code into an inverse tree structure.

• React uses the virtual DOM, while Angular uses the real DOM, and Vue uses the virtual DOM again. A virtual DOM only looks at the differences between the previous and current HTML and changes the part that is required to be updated.
• Angular, on the other hand, updates the entire tree structure regardless of any changes made or not.
• Vue updates only the ones that have been changed. Since no time is spent on making changes to the entire tree, React is extremely fast. On the other hand, React DOM updating is time-consuming, risky, and loaded with errors. Vue also ensures faster and bug-free performance.

Data Binding (React / Angular / Vue)

It is the core reason why we use single-page applications. Data Binding feature in a framework lets you identify the user and retrieving data based on that is facilitated using data binding.

Data binding is a process that allows an internet user to manipulate web page elements using a web browser. It is used in web pages that contain interactive components such as forms, calculators, tutorials, and games.

React facilitates one-way data binding. It takes the data from the view and pushes it to the model or vice-versa. While Angular and Vue use two-way data binding.

• In React every time the model state updates, the view changes accordingly. First, the model state is updated, and then it renders the change in the UI element (view).
• In Angular, any changes made to the view are immediately reflected in the model state.
• Vue follows the same principle. This has a huge impact on the performance. Due to one-way data binding, React is fast. Angular is even slower, and Vue performs according to the input type.

Scripting Languages

• React combines UI templates and JavaScript logic. The result is called JSX. React only requires the knowledge of JavaScript. Angular uses templates that are enhanced HTML with Angular directives.
• Angular requires knowledge of the specific syntax. Create a class and then inject it into HTML. To do something better, write code for an Angular application using a newer language developed by Microsoft called TypeScript. It is a compiled language and is very similar to Java and C-Sharp in terms of syntax.
• Vue uses HTML based template. It uses HTML throughout for the UI, and the combination of JavaScript for business logic. Vue templates are valid HTML’s and can be parsed by HTML parsers.

Testing

• Jest is a framework/API developed by Facebook to run tests on React. It is embedded in every React library and requires zero configuration.
• Angular uses the Jasmine framework to run various tests. The Jasmine framework allows various functionalities to write different kinds of test cases. It also ensures that the application is error-free.
• Vue CLI has built-in options for unit testing with Jest or Mocha. Vue’s single-file components make it straightforward to write unit tests for components in isolation. This makes it modular and extremely fast.

Community Support

Since all these tools are open-source, they have a large developer community.

• Few popular GitHub repositories on react are reactjs101, reactjs.org, reason-react, react-paginate.
• Popular GitHub repositories for Angular are Angular, angular.js, angular-cli, angular-seed.
• Popular Vue repositories are Vue-awesome-swiper, vuejs.org, vue-Apollo

It lets us commit, downloads third-party plugins, and explore these tags even deeper.

NPM stats say that over the past few years, there have been approximately 360 million REACTJS downloads. There have been 38 million downloads for Angular, and 63 million downloads for Vue.

Use Cases from Business Perspective

• Angular is used by Nike, Forbes, Upwork, Sony, HBO
• Vue is commonly used by Alibaba, MI, Grammarly, Adobe

Conclusion

We’ve thrown in keywords like single-page applications, JavaScript, component-based design, model view controller, and a whole lot of other things. This comparison on Angular vs Vue 2022 brings out the comparison between three popularly used front-end web development tools. Although these two tools are JavaScript products and have the same objectives, they are significantly different. These tools are differentiated based on salient features, use cases, performance, data binding, scripting languages, testing, community support, and growth curve. So we hope that this article brought some clarity to Vue and Angular development companies. Thank you for being here, keep learning.

Please share your suggestions at info@itfirms.co

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Decide the framework, use the right tool and create PWA comparable to native applications. Know more about the correct frameworks and tools to build a progressive web app here!

By Definition

HTTPS + service worker + web app manifest = Progressive Web App

Important Frameworks

Ionic, Vue.js, Angular, React, Polymer, Knockout– are top frameworks supporting Progressive Web Apps.

Supported by platforms like Google Chrome, Firefox Opera, Samsung Browser, Progressive Web Apps (PWA’s) are responsive, independent of connectivity, have app-like-integrations, and are discoverable, installable, re-engage able and linkable. Users need to ascertain following few things to establish if it is a PWA:

• It must be prefixed with HTTPS
• It must include a web app manifest.
• It must implement a service worker.
• Adding a JSON manifest file with their metacrap

These come with high adaptation potential. These can be adapted to various hardware, devices, and platforms combining the advantages of native applications like push notifications to web applications.

Factors Required for Building Progressive Web Applications

Progressive web apps are called so due to these reasons:

• Responsive enough to fit any form factor.
• These must be connectivity Independent – enhanced with service workers to let them work offline.
• PWA’s have app-like interactions to adopt a content application model to create navigations and interactions.
• It should be updated periodically with the Service worker Update process.
• These have to be safe – served via TLS (a server worker requirement) to prevent secret intruders.
• PWA’s have to be discoverable – these are identifiable as “applications” according to Manifests and Service Worker registration scope allowing search engines to find them.
• These should be able to access the re-engagement UI’s of the OS like in the case of Push Notifications.
• These are always installable and linkable.

Three Touchstones To Qualify as a PWA

Technology has always been swift, adapting to the changing customer demands, availability of skills, the diversification of businesses, the increase in the on-demand economy and the introduction of mobile applications for every substantial business. Earlier (denoting a few years back), native applications held the promise of delivering the highest performance, but with a downside of being slightly expensive. These days’ progressive web apps have emerged as a joint venture of mobile sites and native applications.

For similar reasons and more Organizations have been favoring new trends, technologies and skilled people to engage the audience and understand the complete mobile app market.  Hybrid and cross-platform mobile applications have erased the need on installation individually on various devices, taking the best cue from its predecessors, imbibing the functionality of the native applications with features like push notifications, GPS-Navigation, and other native function.

The technology has the potential to benefit both the business as well as the consumer. Such an application can be a hundred times cheaper, faster and efficient in many ways as compared to the naïve counterparts.  This has opened avenues for small to mid-size companies. PWA’s do not take any space in the phone’s memory as users

Major Tools and Top Progressive Web App Frameworks to Create a Progressive Web App

Almost every framework is JavaScript based and is generally used for creating browser functionality.

Frameworks To Build Progressive Web Apps

• Angular JS (Framework)

Angular JS has been one of the strongest contenders for creating client-side web applications. It has sufficient features to create responsive and reliable PWA’s. Angular JS is one of the most powerful open-source PWA framework based on JavaScript that is used to create Rich Internet Applications (RIA) for web and mobile. It is useful in building cross-browser applications based on MVC architecture. PWA’s built-in this way ensures flexibility, scalability, MVC implementation to manage large data chunks. They depict the right 2-way Data Binding, Simplified MVC pattern, simple and expressive cross-platform apps that are highly performant.

• Polymer (Framework)

It is also an open-source JavaScript library for building web applications making use of web components. This library has been created by contributors on GitHub and Google Development Team.

• React (Framework)

React is a JS-based framework used for rendering Android and iOS applications. Used for creating applications across platforms, it saves cost, time and efforts. Further, it is always easy to scale applications built in React. RN Apps can be merged with any other technologies and the two codes can gel up and work equally well. Adding to the magic, hot or live reloading feature helps developers to monitor the changes while they are still coding, as the changes can be executed and updated at the same time. Node Package Manager for installation, apps built-in RN are GPU oriented resulting in better performance. A framework like React Native can potentially upgrade the application by adding in new features like integration of camera, adding GPS to the app, Flash Light, auto-correction, Bluetooth, etc. It supports Android, iOS and UWP platforms. It is preferred for creating progressive web apps as it allows web app developers to share and reuse code. React App generator automates data for your progressive web apps thus personalizing the app according to the business requirement.

• Knockout (Framework)

Based on JavaScript, it is a standalone JavaScript based progressive web app framework that simplifies the process of coding JavaScript UI’s by letting developers declare bindings and define views that are controlled by  Model-View-View-Model or MVVM.

• Ionic (Framework)

Based on the angular framework, native wrappers PhoneGap and Apache Cordova, Ionic Framework allows developers to create web pages that run inside the browser of a device using WebView, which essentially renders web pages so that they resemble a native app. Starbucks PWA is one famous example of Ionic based Progressive Web App. These have become a great deployment target. Ionic framework is capable of creating reasonable solutions for simple applications without complex front-end. Popular use-cases: weather, e-commerce, news, social media platforms, currency converters, software organizations, and expense managers, etc.

Tools To Build Progressive Web Apps

• Lighthouse (Tool)

It is an open-source tool that can be run in Chrome DevTools from the command line or as a Node Module. It can audit the URL. It can as well execute a series of audits against the page and then generate a report on how well the page performs. A reference document is generated every time the audit is done. It can be run against any web page. These audits can be done to check the performance, accessibility, progressive web apps, SEO and much more for the application. Particularly for PWA, when the website is added to the application, it will measure it into four criteria and probe problems that can be handled to increase the efficiency of the app.

• Dev Tools (Tool)

These work in the same way as Firefox Dev Tools and are a set of Chrome Developer Tools made available by Google Chrome browser. These are helpful in-page editing, diagnosing problems that are ultimately helpful in building better websites. These can enable modification and inspection for service workers to cache and manifest files.

• Workbox (Tool)

It is another powerful tool by Google to check the performance of progressive web apps. This is composed of several node modules and libraries to enhance web app performance. The underlying tools and libraries are also used for pre-caching, routing and runtime-caching useful in integrating background sync and Google Analytics into service workers.

• Js (Framework + Tool)

Vue.JS is one such framework used for creating websites or progressive web apps only. It has the clearest documentation, is very compact, backed by Laravel and supporting projects. It helps sustain legacy applications. It is supported by Dev tools extension that helps check all states of the application, adding and inspecting the components. Its architecture is inspired by Angular and React. Its ease of coding and high-speed rendering are the reasons for its fast growth.

• Microsoft’s PWA Builder (Framework + Tool)

It is an open-source, community guided providing components to build PWA’s that functions across both iOS and Android platforms. PWA builder creates PWA’s quickly and builds a service worker for offline functionality which works by pulling and serving the “offline.html” from your web server.

Famous Applications of PWA

Sudoku, 2048, LifeStyle PWA, Tinder, Wikipedia, Travel PWA, Airbnb, Ride, Entertainment PWA, 9Gag, 1Tuner, News PWA, Forbes, Climadiario, Sports PWA, Sports Mole, Foot Peek, Shopping PWA, AliExpress, Alibaba, Tools PWA, Tomatoes Work, Notes, etc.

In Conclusion: Filtering the Requirements to Build A PWA

The increase in the frequency of updates every few months, the ease of updating the app and the choice of specific framework remain the major concern of Indian web developers. The top progressive web app frameworks and tools discussed herein are exclusively helpful in the development and maintenance of progressive web apps. The web development companies must decide to create a native or cross-platform or hybrid or a progressive web app based on the client’s demands, availability of skills, technology in demand and expertise of developers. If your app idea is stark enough, let ITFirms help it reach millions. Later has developers who are inspired to write code with enormous research!

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Explore various ways to use JavaScript frameworks for frontend and backend capabilities. Know how some of the best JavaScript unit testing tools are used in the industry!

In its simplest form, JavaScript or JS is an interpreted, multi-paradigm, event-driven, functional, and high-level programming language with imperative style (object-oriented and prototype-based) that essentially confirms to ECMAScript specification. Having curly syntax, dynamic typing, first-class functions, and prototype-based object-orientation. JavaScript has gradually become the language of the web with both client-side as well as server-side scripting. It is an open-source library, which runs on browser and Node.js.

Conjugated with the web development scenario, programmers have added upon their traditional knowledge and strategies of Java, .Net and PHP along with prevalent JavaScript Frameworks owing to ease of use in frontend as well as backend and rapid prototyping capabilities.

Understanding why frameworks should be used?

A software framework is derived after abstraction of a programming language which incorporates generic functionality that can be selectively changed by writing additional user-written code. JavaScript framework is such an application framework written in JavaScript where the programmers can manipulate the functions and use it according to their convenience.

Frameworks, in general, make it easy for the programmers to make use of a particular programming language, making the application more responsive. Popular JS Frameworks in 2019 are:

• Angular
• React
• Vue.JS
• Ember.JS
• Meteor
• Mithril
• Node.js
• Polymer
• Aurelia
• Backbone.js

Introduction to JavaScript Testing

This also calls for the need to have tools that support both front end as well as backend, with low overhead and zero external dependencies, leverage asynchronous nature of javascript, runs concurrently, Single framework fit for NodeJS, VueJS, React, Angular etc, Allows to run tests remotely onto other devices, Can be used to run tests on browsers, headless environments like PhantomJS as well as on devices, Supports test case debugging using Chrome as well as Webstorm, Supports ES6, Typescript and coffee script standards, provides automation support for form submission, UI testing, and keyboard inputs and many more features. QUnit is one such JavaScript Unit Testing tool that can be used on both client-side and server-side. Prompts like “Unable to load example.js” or any other JavaScript error regarding version control comes under JavaScript testing.

A JavaScript application can be tested in three different ways:

• By testing individual functions where inputs are provided to determine a predefined output. (Blackbox testing method). This is known as Unit Testing.
• In a second way, the application as a whole component is tested to see if expected results appear. This type is called as Integration Testing.
• In a third way, the browser is controlled without checking how the application is going to perform. This type is known as User Interface Testing which involves checking the screens with the controls like menus, buttons, icons, and all types of bars – toolbar, menu bar, dialog boxes, and windows, etc. and meets all specifications.

In-Depth: JavaScript Unit Testing

JavaScript unit tests are usually arranged in a suite, run in browser or frontend. These can even be written for testing a webpage or a single module of the application. This code can be combined with HTML to work as an inline Event Handler. If a test is created for testing an individual module, it will run independently without interfering with other modules and runs fewer dependencies on each other.

Exceptions with JavaScript Unit Testing

JavaScript testing isn’t without exceptions. Problems one can find while performing JavaScript unit testing can be:

• JavaScript cannot be used for cross-browser unit testing in stable or runtime environment.
• DOM manipulation and page rendering are not easy with JavaScript.
• JavaScript written for web applications can have multiple dependencies.
• JavaScript performs well along with HTML and CSS instead of on the web.
• It is not easy to understand system actions with JavaScript, therefore other programming languages have to be used.

What Should Be Done To Avoid Above Exceptions with JavaScript Testing Frameworks

• Global variables must not be used.
• Predefined objects must be kept as such and must not be manipulated.
• Core functionalities must be designed based on the library.
• Functionalities must be created according to modules with lesser dependencies.

Best JavaScript Unit Testing Framework and Tools

Examples of some prominent JS testing frameworks that help in JavaScript Unit Testing:

• JSUnit
• Unit.js
• QUnit
• Jasmine
• Karma
• Mocha
• Jest
• AVA
• Sinon
• ChaiJS
• Puppeteer
• Cypress.io
• Tape

Succinct

Although JS libraries can often be added for convenience, still JavaScript Unit testing might often become cumbersome and complicated sometimes in case only front-end is considered. The problem might enlarge when JS is combined with Node.JS or TypeScript. Top web development companies must consider following three points while starting with JS Unit Testing: (1) what features are to be tested, (2) what will be the final output of testing the application (actual vs. expected results), (3) what tools and frameworks should be used in performing this task. The tools mentioned above (updated till July 2019) are the most useful ones for JS unit testing.

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